Lutheran Lens Commentary: John 1:1-5

Lutheran Lens Reading of John 1:1-5

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read John 1:1-5 as a profound Christological declaration that the Word, who is Christ, was both with God and is God from the beginning. This passage is Gospel in its purest form, revealing the incarnation of Christ as God's ultimate promise and grace to us. It shows that the light of Christ shines in the darkness of our sin and death, which cannot overcome Him. The Word made flesh is both the revelation of God's grace and the means through which we receive that grace in Word and Sacrament.

Key Language Decisions

The Greek term 'Logos' is pivotal, denoting not just 'word' but the divine self-expression and reason incarnate in Christ. This tradition emphasizes the 'light' (φῶς) as both illuminating and overcoming the darkness (σκοτία), reflecting our understanding of the Gospel as the light that dispels the darkness of the Law's condemnation. The Greek verb 'καταλαμβάνειν' (to overcome) underscores the triumph of grace over sin and death, central to our reading.

Where Traditions Diverge

While Reformed traditions might emphasize the sovereignty of God in creation, we focus on the incarnation as the ultimate revelation of God's grace. Unlike the Roman Catholic view, which might see this as a call to participate in divine light through cooperation, we see it as a declaration of Christ's completed work on our behalf. This matters theologically because it underscores justification by faith alone as a gift, not a cooperative effort.

Pastoral Application

In preaching this passage, we should emphasize the assurance and comfort of Christ as the light that overcomes all darkness in our lives. A Lutheran Lens congregation would expect to hear how Christ, the Word made flesh, comes to us in Word and Sacrament, dispelling the darkness of sin and death. We must proclaim the Gospel promise that Christ's light shines in our hearts through faith, assuring us of our justification and baptismal identity as children of God. This text calls us to live in the light of Christ, not as a moral imperative, but as a joyful response to what He has already accomplished for us.

Cross-References: Genesis 1:1-3; Colossians 1:15-17; Hebrews 1:1-3; John 1:14; John 8:12

Doctrinal Connections: Christology; Law and Gospel; Means of Grace; Simul Justus et Peccator; Theology of the Cross