Lutheran Lens Commentary: John 17:1-5

Lutheran Lens Reading of John 17:1-5

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

In John 17:1-5, we read this passage as a profound declaration of the theology of the cross, where Christ reveals the glory of God not through visible triumph but through His impending suffering and death. This passage is Gospel, as it delivers the promise of eternal life through the knowledge of the true God and Jesus Christ, whom He has sent. Jesus' prayer emphasizes His mission to glorify the Father through the cross, where the fullness of God's grace is revealed. We see here the promise of eternal life as a gift, not as a result of human effort, aligning perfectly with justification by faith alone.

Key Language Decisions

The Greek word 'doxa' (glory) is pivotal, reflecting the paradox of the theology of the cross, where true glory is revealed in suffering. The term 'aionios' (eternal) in 'eternal life' emphasizes not just endless duration but quality of life that begins now in Christ. The verb 'edōkas' (you have given) in verse 2 underscores the Gospel's promise as a divine gift, not human achievement, reinforcing our emphasis on grace alone.

Where Traditions Diverge

Lutheran Lens differs from Reformed traditions by emphasizing the real presence of Christ in the means of grace and the theology of the cross rather than a theology of glory. Unlike Roman Catholicism, we do not see this passage as supporting any inherent human cooperation in salvation but as underscoring God's unilateral action in Christ. Our focus is on the unconditional promise of the Gospel, avoiding any synergistic implications.

Pastoral Application

In preaching this passage, we should emphasize Christ's work as the sole basis for our salvation, highlighting the theology of the cross where true glory is hidden in suffering. Encourage the congregation to find comfort in the Gospel promise that eternal life is a gift given through faith, not by works. Reinforce the Lutheran understanding that our identity is secure in Christ's finished work, fostering assurance and gratitude. A Lutheran Lens congregation expects to hear the clear proclamation of Law and Gospel, with the Law convicting and the Gospel delivering the unconditional promise of grace.

Cross-References: Ephesians 2:8-9; Romans 5:1-2; Philippians 2:5-11; 1 Corinthians 1:18-25; Hebrews 12:2

Doctrinal Connections: justification by grace alone; the theology of the cross; the means of grace; the real presence; simul justus et peccator; Christology