Lutheran Lens Commentary: Matthew 11:2-11 (John's Question from Prison)

Lutheran Lens Reading of Matthew 11:2-11 (John's Question from Prison)

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read this passage as a profound interplay of Law and Gospel. John's question from prison reveals human doubt and the Law's work in exposing our inability to recognize God's work apart from revelation. Jesus' response, however, is pure Gospel — proclaiming the fulfillment of messianic prophecy, pointing to his works as the evidence of God's inbreaking kingdom. This passage assures us that even in moments of doubt and despair, Christ is the one who fulfills all promises, and our justification comes through faith in Him alone, not through our understanding or works.

Key Language Decisions

In the Greek, the term 'messenger' (ἄγγελος) highlights John's role as the forerunner, but more importantly, Jesus as the fulfillment of messianic prophecy. The phrase 'the blind receive sight' (τυφλοὶ ἀναβλέπουσιν) directly echoes Isaiah's prophecies, reinforcing the Gospel's promise. The semantic range of these terms underscores the transition from expectation (Law) to fulfillment (Gospel), emphasizing that the works of Christ are the evidence of God's grace in action.

Where Traditions Diverge

In contrast to traditions that might see this passage as a call to personal decision or faith action (such as some Evangelical readings), we emphasize the theology of the cross — recognizing Christ's work amidst suffering and doubt. Unlike Catholic interpretations that might focus on John’s role as a model of sanctification, we stress that Christ alone is our righteousness, and our sanctification flows from this justification, not as its cause.

Pastoral Application

As Lutheran pastors, we should assure our congregations that moments of doubt, like John's, are met with Christ's unchanging promises. This passage is a comfort to those struggling with faith, reassuring them that their standing before God does not depend on the strength of their belief but on Christ's completed work. We proclaim the Gospel's certainty over any perceived lack of faith. This text encourages us to focus on Christ's presence and promise in Word and Sacrament, where He continually delivers grace to us, His people.

Cross-References: Isaiah 35:5-6; Malachi 3:1; Luke 7:22-23; Romans 7:24-25; Hebrews 11:1

Doctrinal Connections: Law and Gospel; the theology of the cross; justification by faith alone; Christ as the fulfillment of prophecy; simul justus et peccator