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Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Commentary: Exodus 10:1-20

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Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Reading of Exodus 10:1-20

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read Exodus 10:1-20 as a powerful demonstration of God's sovereignty over creation and history, particularly in His dealings with Pharaoh and Egypt. The text showcases God's sovereign grace in executing His divine decree, hardening Pharaoh's heart to reveal His glory and power to His covenant people, Israel. This passage is a critical moment in redemptive history, pointing forward to the ultimate deliverance found in Christ, who fulfills the covenant promises and liberates His people from the bondage of sin and death. The plagues serve as a typological foreshadowing of the final judgment and God's redemptive action through Christ.

Key Language Decisions

In the Hebrew text, the verb 'to harden' (חָזַק) is significant as it underscores God's sovereign action in Pharaoh's heart. The semantic range includes 'to strengthen' or 'to make firm,' underlining God's active role in fulfilling His redemptive purposes. The tradition emphasizes that this hardening serves God's decree, illustrating His control over human affairs and His justice in dealing with rebellion.

Where Traditions Diverge

The Reformed tradition diverges from Arminian readings that suggest Pharaoh's choice was purely autonomous, emphasizing instead God's sovereign decree in hardening Pharaoh's heart. This difference matters theologically because it underscores our belief in God's ultimate authority over salvation and judgment, contrasting with views that elevate human free will above divine sovereignty.

Pastoral Application

Preaching this passage, we emphasize God's unchanging covenantal faithfulness and His sovereign authority over all creation. Congregations should be encouraged to trust in God's redemptive purposes, even when circumstances seem dire. This text assures us of God's power to deliver and His ultimate plan to glorify His name through His people. Our pastoral charge is to call the congregation to rest in the assurance that God's sovereign grace is at work, drawing us to Christ and conforming us to His image, even amidst trials.

Cross-References: Romans 9:17-18; Hebrews 11:28; Isaiah 46:10; Psalm 105:26-36

Doctrinal Connections: sovereignty of God; unconditional election; covenant of grace; total depravity; redemptive history

Topics & Themes

sovereignty of Godunconditional electioncovenant of gracetotal depravityredemptive history

Scripture References

Exodus 10:1-20

Best Used In

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