Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Commentary: Exodus 40:1-15

Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Reading of Exodus 40:1-15

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read Exodus 40:1-15 as the culmination of God's redemptive work through the Mosaic covenant, foreshadowing the ultimate fulfillment in Christ. The establishment of the Tabernacle signifies God's dwelling among His covenant people, a theme that reaches its climax in the incarnation of Christ. This passage further underscores the necessity of divine initiative in redemption — God commands, consecrates, and sanctifies, pointing to His sovereign grace at work in both the Old and New Covenant communities. As the Tabernacle is anointed and consecrated, so too are we in Christ, the true dwelling place of God with us.

Key Language Decisions

The Hebrew term 'mishkan' (Tabernacle) is crucial, emphasizing God’s dwelling with His people, a foreshadowing of 'Immanuel' — God with us. The repeated use of 'qadesh' (to consecrate) highlights the divine action of setting apart for holy purposes, underscoring our Reformed understanding that sanctification is a work of sovereign grace. These terms remind us that the Tabernacle is not merely a ritual space but a tangible expression of God's covenantal presence.

Where Traditions Diverge

Unlike dispensationalism, which may see distinct economies of salvation, we view this passage within the unified covenant of grace unfolding towards its fulfillment in Christ. This distinction matters because it affects how we perceive the continuity of God's redemptive plan. Furthermore, where some traditions may emphasize the moral lessons of the Tabernacle's construction, we emphasize its typological significance pointing to Christ as the true and better Tabernacle.

Pastoral Application

In preaching Exodus 40:1-15, we should remind our congregation of the profound truth that God is a covenant-keeping God who dwells with His people. This passage comforts us with the assurance that our sanctification is initiated and sustained by God’s sovereign grace. We are to see Christ as the fulfillment of the Tabernacle, the place where God's glory dwells, and where we are invited to commune with Him through the means of grace. Encourage the congregation to rest in the assurance that their hope and sanctification are secured in Christ, not in their own efforts.

Cross-References: Hebrews 9:11-12; John 1:14; 2 Corinthians 6:16; Revelation 21:3; Leviticus 8:10-12

Doctrinal Connections: Covenant theology — the unfolding of the covenant of grace; The sovereignty of God in redemption; Sanctification as a work of sovereign grace; The typology of Christ in the Old Testament; The presence of God dwelling with His people