Roman Catholic Lens Commentary: Exodus 1:15-22

Roman Catholic Lens Reading of Exodus 1:15-22

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read this passage from Exodus 1:15-22 as a profound testament to the dignity of human life and the call to moral courage. Within the Roman Catholic tradition, the actions of the Hebrew midwives, Shiphrah and Puah, are seen as an early example of adherence to divine law over human law, reflecting our belief in the sanctity of life as expressed in the Catechism of the Catholic Church (CCC 2270-2275). Their defiance against Pharaoh's command underscores the moral imperative to protect life, a theme that resonates deeply with our pro-life teachings. The passage also prefigures the deliverance of God's people, pointing us toward the ultimate liberation found in Christ, the Incarnation, who redeems and sanctifies all creation.

Key Language Decisions

The original Hebrew text uses the word 'yare' (יִרְאוּן) for the midwives' fear of God, indicating a reverential awe that motivates their actions. This reverence is central to our interpretation, emphasizing a deep moral conviction aligned with divine will. The semantic range of 'fear' in this context is not terror, but a profound respect that leads to righteous action, a concept echoed in the wisdom literature of Scripture and upheld in our tradition as foundational to authentic moral living.

Where Traditions Diverge

Our Catholic interpretation diverges from some Protestant readings that may emphasize sola scriptura, focusing solely on the text without the broader context of Sacred Tradition. Additionally, while some traditions might prioritize personal faith experiences, we emphasize the communal and sacramental dimensions of moral action, as seen in the midwives' response to God's law. This distinction matters theologically because it underscores our understanding of divine revelation as a unified whole encompassing both Scripture and Tradition.

Pastoral Application

As pastors, we should encourage our congregations to emulate the moral courage of the Hebrew midwives, recognizing the sanctity of life in all its stages. This passage calls us to stand firm in our faith, even when societal pressures urge otherwise, reminding us of our duty to uphold God's commandments. In our homilies, we should connect this message to the Eucharist, where we encounter Christ, the source of our strength and the model of perfect obedience. The faithful would expect to hear about the importance of protecting life, resonating with the Church's consistent pro-life stance and the call to witness to the Gospel in every aspect of our lives.

Cross-References: Catechism of the Catholic Church 2270-2275; Pope John Paul II's Evangelium Vitae; Matthew 2:16-18 (the massacre of the innocents); Acts 5:29 (obeying God rather than men)

Doctrinal Connections: Sanctity of life; Moral law and natural law; Divine providence and protection; Obedience to God over human authority