Lutheran Lens Commentary: Exodus 6:1-13

Lutheran Lens Reading of Exodus 6:1-13

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read Exodus 6:1-13 through the Lutheran Lens as a powerful demonstration of the Law and Gospel distinction. The Law is revealed in the Israelites' bondage and their inability to free themselves, mirroring our own bondage to sin. The Gospel shines brightly in God's promise to deliver His people, prefiguring the ultimate deliverance in Christ. God's assurance to Moses that He will act decisively against Pharaoh is a foreshadowing of Christ's victory over sin, death, and the devil. We see God's faithfulness in His covenant, pointing us toward the unconditional promise fulfilled in Jesus.

Key Language Decisions

In the Hebrew text, the divine name 'Yahweh' is significant, emphasizing God's self-revelation and faithfulness. The verb 'to know' (יָדַע) in verse 7 underscores a relational knowing, aligning with our belief in God's covenantal promises. The term 'redeem' in verse 6 (גָּאַל) is crucial, resonating with our understanding of redemption through Christ. These linguistic choices affirm God's active role in salvation history, as emphasized in our tradition.

Where Traditions Diverge

Our reading diverges from Reformed traditions that might emphasize covenant theology in a way that focuses on human response or obedience. We emphasize God's unilateral action in salvation, consistent with our doctrine of justification by faith alone. Unlike some evangelical traditions that might focus on a personal decision for Christ, we stress God's initiative and promise as the basis for faith.

Pastoral Application

In preaching this passage, we should emphasize God's sovereignty and faithfulness in delivering His people, drawing a parallel to our deliverance from sin through Christ. A Lutheran Lens pastor will highlight the Gospel's unconditional promise, ensuring the congregation understands that just as Israel could not save themselves, neither can we. We remind our congregation that their identity is secured in their baptismal promise — they are God's people, redeemed and set free. The Law's full weight is to be felt in recognizing our helplessness, but the Gospel's comfort should reign as we proclaim God's mighty acts in Christ.

Cross-References: Romans 8:15-17; Galatians 4:4-7; John 8:34-36; 1 Peter 2:9-10; Hebrews 13:8

Doctrinal Connections: Justification by faith alone; The theology of the cross; The bondage of the will; Simul justus et peccator; God's covenant faithfulness