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Lutheran Lens Commentary: Philippians 2:5-8

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Lutheran Lens Reading of Philippians 2:5-8

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read Philippians 2:5-8 as a profound articulation of Christ's humiliation and the self-emptying nature of the Incarnation. This passage is a clear demonstration of the theology of the cross, where Christ's true glory is revealed not in power or majesty, but in His obedience to death on a cross. It is a vivid contrast to the theology of glory, emphasizing God's work through suffering and weakness. Here, we see the ultimate expression of Gospel promise, as Christ's humiliation secures our justification by faith alone.

Key Language Decisions

The Greek term 'kenosis' (ἐκένωσεν) in verse 7, meaning 'emptied himself,' is central to our understanding, signifying Christ's voluntary humility and submission to the Father's will. The term 'μορφὴν' (form) in verses 6 and 7, which indicates 'nature' or 'essence,' underscores the real presence of both God and man in Christ. These terms confirm the dual nature of Christ, critical to our soteriology, and the kenosis underlines the theology of the cross.

Where Traditions Diverge

While Reformed traditions may emphasize Christ's humility as a model for ethical living, we focus on His humiliation as the means of redemption, emphasizing the theology of the cross over moral exhortation. Catholic interpretations may highlight the imitation of Christ's humility in a way that risks conflating Law and Gospel, while we maintain the Gospel's unconditional promise as central.

Pastoral Application

When preaching this passage, we emphasize that Christ's descent into human weakness and suffering is the very means by which He achieves our salvation. We reassure the congregation that their justification is secured not by their imitation of Christ, but by faith in His completed work. We remind them that even in their own suffering and weakness, God's grace is at work. Our congregation expects to hear the clear proclamation of the Gospel as promise, not as moral imperative, emphasizing that our identity in Christ is rooted in His obedience, not ours.

Cross-References: Isaiah 53:3-5; John 1:14; Hebrews 2:14-17; Matthew 20:28; Galatians 4:4-5

Doctrinal Connections: theology of the cross; justification by faith alone; simul justus et peccator; two natures of Christ; humiliation and exaltation of Christ

Topics & Themes

theology of the crossjustification by faith alonesimul justus et peccatortwo natures of Christhumiliation and exaltation of Christ

Scripture References

Philippians 2:5-8

Best Used In

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Audience

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