Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Commentary: John 4:1-4

Reformed (Presbyterian) Lens Reading of John 4:1-4

Tradition-Specific Interpretation

We read this passage as part of the redemptive-historical narrative showing the unfolding of God's sovereign plan. Jesus' journey through Samaria is not incidental but part of the divine decree, demonstrating the inclusion of the Gentiles in the covenant of grace. The necessity of passing through Samaria (John 4:4) highlights God's intentional breaking down of ethnic and cultural barriers, a foretaste of the new covenant reality where Christ unites all people in Himself. This passage points to the fulfillment of God's promise to Abraham that all nations would be blessed through his offspring, ultimately realized in Christ.

Key Language Decisions

In the original Greek, the phrase 'Ἔδει δὲ αὐτὸν διέρχεσθαι διὰ τῆς Σαμαρείας' (John 4:4) is significant. 'Ἔδει' implies a divine necessity or obligation, underscoring God's sovereign will in this journey. This supports our tradition's understanding that Christ's actions are always in accordance with God's redemptive plan. The semantic range of 'διέρχεσθαι' (to pass through) emphasizes the intentionality of Jesus' movement, aligning with our view that nothing in redemptive history is accidental.

Where Traditions Diverge

Our tradition diverges from Dispensationalism, which may see this passage as a mere historical account rather than part of the covenantal unfolding of God's redemptive plan. We emphasize the continuity of the covenant of grace, whereas Dispensationalists might view it as a distinct dispensation. The difference matters because it underscores the unity of God's sovereign plan through all of Scripture, rather than dividing history into separate dispensational epochs.

Pastoral Application

As we preach this passage, we must emphasize God's sovereign grace in breaking down barriers and fulfilling His covenant promises. Reformed pastors should encourage congregations to see themselves as part of this unfolding redemptive history, called to participate in the mission of God to all peoples. This passage assures us that God's plan is not thwarted by human divisions; rather, He uses them to magnify His glory in uniting all things in Christ. Congregants should be encouraged to live as ambassadors of this reconciliation, knowing that their efforts are grounded in God's eternal decree.

Cross-References: Genesis 12:3; Isaiah 49:6; Ephesians 2:14-18; Acts 1:8; Romans 9:24-26

Doctrinal Connections: sovereign grace; covenant of grace; effectual calling; God's decree; redemptive history